Different Types of Transformers and Their Uses

Jump to Section

A transformer is an extensively used device in the electronics and electrical field. Transformers can be found anywhere Alternating Current (AC) electrical energy is used.

This electromagnetic device, invented by Michael Faraday, trades voltage for current circuits while not affecting the total electrical current. This means it takes high-voltage electricity with a small current and changes it into low-voltage one with a large current, or vice versa.

Although all transformers follow the same principles, they have different construction methods. Here are the different types of transformers, including the ones you can purchase from Wiltronics!

Different Types of Transformers

Depending on voltage level, transformers come with three categories, and these are: Step Down, Step Up and Isolation Transformers. But before we jump to the first category, here’s how transformers work using the principle of mutual induction.

Transformer Operation

A transformer consists of two coils of wire with high mutual inductance. These coils are electrically separated while sharing a common magnetic circuit.

The first set of coils, also known as the primary winding, connects to an alternating-current voltage source, or primary voltage inflow. On the other hand, the secondary coil—or secondary voltage outflow—connects to the load, handing out the electrical power away from the transformer.

For a step-down transformer, the second coil has fewer windings than the first. This decreases the voltage from the existing electrical stream.

Step Down Transformers

Both used in electronics and electrical domains, a step-down transformer converts the primary voltage level to a lower one across the secondary output. As we’ve mentioned earlier, this type of transformer has a higher number of windings on the primary side than the secondary.

Overall, the winding ratio of primary and secondary always remains more than 1.

Many applications run on 5V, 6V, 9V, 12V, 24V, or in some cases 48V, when it comes to electronics. In order to convert the single-phase power outlet voltage 230V AC to your desired low-voltage level, you’ll be needing step-down transformers.

A step-down transformer is a primary requirement for the power section in instrumentation and other electrical types of equipment. It is also utilised in power adapters as well as in mobile charger circuits.

In electrical applications, this type of transformer is used in distribution systems that work on very high voltages. This is to ensure a low loss and cost-effective solution for long-distance power delivery requirements.

Therefore, if you wish to convert a high-voltage supply line to a low-voltage, a step-down transformer is required.

Here, we have a great, affordable range of step-down transformers that feature illuminated power switches, power fuse & thermal fuse protected. They feature full approval for test and certification: N10467 & C-tick guarantee suitability and performance.

Shop Step Down Transformers here.

Step-Up Transformers

If there’s a step-down transformer, it stands to reason there will also be a step-up transformer. Step-up transformers increase the low primary voltage to a high secondary voltage.

Just like the step-down transformer, this can be achieved by the ratio of the primary and secondary winding. But in a step-up transformer’s case, the ratio of the primary winding and the secondary winding remains less than 1. This means the number turns in the secondary winding is higher than the primary one.

When it comes to electronic applications, step-up transformers are often used in inverters and stabilisers, where low-voltage is converted to a much higher voltage. They are also used in electrical power distribution where high voltage is required.

Isolation Transformers

Unlike step-down and step-up transformers, an Isolation transformer doesn’t convert any voltage levels. Moreover, the primary and secondary voltages of an isolation transformer remain the same. This means that the primary and secondary winding ratio is always equal to 1.

As the name suggests, the isolation transformer is used to isolate the primary and secondary. Since it doesn’t have any electrical connection between the two coils, it is also used as an isolation barrier where the conduction happens only with the magnetic flux.

What’s more, this type of transformer makes excellent use for safety purposes and cancels noise transfer from primary to secondary, or vice versa.

If you’re looking for a great quality isolation transformer, we have sturdy steel-cased 240VAC-240VAC isolation transformers available on our website. You can shop Isolation Transformers here.

Available Types of Transformers From Wiltronics

Audio Transformers

Audio transformers are electromagnetic devices that are intended to isolate an input circuit from an output circuit and at the same time, provide filtering to a signal that passes through. They are designed to operate on signals with frequencies in the audible band of frequencies around 20Hz-20kHz.

You can check our Audio Transformers Miniature products here.

DC to DC Converters

DC to DC converters are widely used to produce a regulated voltage from a source that may or may not be well controlled directly to a load that may or may not be constant. This type of converter is a high-frequency power conversion circuit that uses high-frequency switching and inductors, transformers, and capacitors to even out switching noise into regulated DC voltages.

We offer a variety of DC to DC converters, available in lighter plug in/out.

• Converter DC to DC with Lighter Plug-In/Out – No longer available (JMP3352) – this converter is useful for operating 12V devices from a 24V power supply in a truck or bus. It is designed with switch mode technology for a lightweight and compact structure.
  Rated for 7A continuous output, it comes with a cigarette lighter plug and socket for input and output. Voltage input is at 20 – 30 VDC.
• DC-DC Converter 24VDC – 13.8VDC (PS2063) – useful for running 12V devices from a 24V supply in a bus or truck, this transformer features switch mode technology for lightweight, compact design while still maintaining a substantial 15A continuous output. 20A Surge. Also available in 10A Surge – DC-DC Converter 24VDC (PS2061).

Other Types of Transformers You Can Purchase From Us!

• Low Current Transformers 240V AC – 150mA Transformers, with flying leads and centre tap ie: 9V CT+4.5V-0-4.5V.
• Mains Transformers AC-AC – Multi Tapped Mains Transformers with Solder Terminals.
• PCB Mount Transformers 240v AC – 7V A Type.
• Toroidal Transformers – This type of transformer features the following: Smaller size, weight, low profile, low noise, high efficiency, easy mounting, and complete in series to give higher voltage or parallel for higher current.